The state of mine closure in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region has been a matter of concern, with reports indicating that proper rehabilitation is often neglected, leaving communities and the environment vulnerable. Mine abandonment in the SADC region can be attributed to various factors. These include the absence of mine closure policies or regulations aimed at remediating or rehabilitating abandoned mines. Additionally, ineffective enforcement of mine reclamation policies with minimal penalties for noncompliance exacerbates the issue. Transparency in mine closure planning, funding mechanisms, and government oversight is also lacking, further hindering effective closure.

This report builds upon a 2022 study conducted by Lawyers for Human Rights in South Africa, which highlighted significant deficiencies in closure plans and environmental management. Our overarching objective is to propose a comprehensive strategy for mine closure that prioritizes community well-being, environmental rehabilitation, and responsible corporate conduct. Given the diverse contexts within SADC countries, this study seeks to provide insights into the realities, challenges, and opportunities surrounding mine closures.

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